To read a story is to take a ride on somebody else’s imagination. But to write a story is to take a ride on your own imagination.
Each has its own unique place. At times, imagination can ignite imagination.
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Reflections on Jewish Spirituality and Mystical Thought
To read a story is to take a ride on somebody else’s imagination. But to write a story is to take a ride on your own imagination.
Each has its own unique place. At times, imagination can ignite imagination.
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Absolute Infinity is neither endlessly contracted nor endlessly expanded, neither infinitely small nor infinitely large. Rather it subsumes both tendencies in seamless transcendence.
It’s good that my blog comes with a disclaimer that my views and insights are subject to change as I grow and flow on my life journey. Please don’t expect me to report on every shift in perspective. Firstly, many of them likely occur imperceptibly. Secondly, I don’t always necessarily have the time to write about them. Accordingly, I rely on my general disclaimer to cover me in such situations.
However, a recent big shift occurred in a noticeable way which I want to briefly share because I want to avoid misunderstandings. For about ten years, I believed that God’s Oneness is the source of the cosmic feminine and His Infinity is the is the source of the cosmic masculine. If you look back on this blog, you will find some literary output expressing this perspective.
Obviously, when philosophically examined, God’s Oneness and Infinity mean the same thing. However, I believed that within emanated and created reality they expressed themselves in two different ways; the Oneness as contracted, feminine, and the Infinity as expansive, masculine.
Today, I think of both cosmic feminine and masculine as expressions of latent tendencies within God’s Absolute Infinity itself. The tendency towards inwardness, infinite contraction or smallness, is the source of the cosmic feminine. It’s like the infinity of a point. In contrast, the tendency towards outwardness, infinite expansion, is the source of the cosmic masculine. It is like the infinity of a line.
Thus, it makes sense that the cosmic feminine expresses herself as a vessel to receive. Forming a vessel and attracting what fills it are tendencies towards inwardness, depth. In contrast, cosmic masculinity is typically expressed by the role of giving. Healthy giving is an act of seeking new territory to fill, an outward expansion
Since God’s Infinity is Seamlessly One these tendencies do not reveal themselves in God’s Being. However, as with many of His other attributes, they find expression within the confines of emanated and created reality.
As I am currently working on a book, I do not have the time to write an essay on some of the ramifications of this paradigm. However, I provided the core concepts which can be applied further to explain many phenomena.
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There’s more to Me,
Than the Me I see.
For I am a roaring Nile,
Caught up in self denial.
Such is the story of a soul,
A vast and supreme whole,
Reaching into a tiny hole,
While pursuing a divine goal.
Yet, the Me crunched inside of,
the hole,
Pines to know the Me beyond,
that’s whole.
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For over the past two centuries, many in the Jewish world wondered why the Vilna Gaon opposed the Chassidic movement. I do not claim to know for sure. Rebbe Nachman cautions that disputes between Judaism’s great saints are rarely, if ever, about what they appears like to the masses. But I would like to offer the following tentative possibility.
Based on the stories I heard and the style of each side’s approach to Torah, it seems to me that the Gaon was uniquely sensitive to the soul of time. He was concerned with where the timeline of history and destiny stood at that moment. What may have been paramount to him was not to compromise the flow of this particular stream.
In contrast, the Baal Shem Tov and his followers were uniquely sensitive to the soul of European Jewry. They were concerned with the suffering and the needs of the people. What may have been paramount on their side was to elevate the material and spiritual state of their flocks, even if such efforts may have led to anachronistic results; such as solving a present day issue by drawing down a spiritual light from the messianic future.
If this was the case, then each side had important concerns and who am I to take sides? All I can do is resonate with where my soul is genuinely rooted, while admiring the Torah contributions and concerns of the other side as well.
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שמע ישראל…
There’s no outside You,
There’s no inside You.
Thus, there’s only You!
ברוך שם…
Fragmentation only exists,
As an illusion which persists.
ואהבתה…
You and i will never part,
If i but grasp this in my heart.
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Speech notes:
The Torah is filled with anthropomorphic, human like, descriptions of God. We see examples by the splitting of the sea, by Mt. Sinai, by having names, by what the nobles of Israel saw and continued feasting, by the peak experience of Ezekiel's vision where he beheld, “a form like the vision of man”, by God dwelling in a sanctuary … Here, we’re taught that He’s all over and yet there’s a place where He dwells?
According to a contemporary biographer of the Maimonides, Professor Joel Kramer, how a formless God is described with such form in our most primary religious text is a theological issue which the Moslems laid at the feet of our Rabbis in their lands.
Therefore it is not surprising to see Torah sages in the Medieval Islamic world such as Rabbainu Bachya ibn Pequda and the Maimonides taking such a question very seriously.
In “Duties of the Heart”, Rabbainu Bachya asked why are texts describing God with form far more prevalent than those which warn against ascribing form to God? He compares it to a merchant who settles in an inn. For the merchant, the innkeeper prepares a human sized meal, which was far smaller than the meal he prepares for the merchant’s donkey. Similarly, for the few of more refined understanding a few statements about God having no form suffices, a merchant’s sized meal. Whereas, the unlearned masses, who then made up a larger proportion of the population, require a lot of food, lots of relatable imagery about God.
In “The Guide for the Perplexed”, the Maimonides often employs the Aramaic translation of Onkolos to demonstrate that these anthropomorphisms are metaphorical and not to be taken literally. For example, where the Torah states that God descended on Mt. Sinai, Onkolos reformulates this as “God revealed Himself on Mt. Sinai”.
Why did the Maimonides select Onkolos? I presume that it was because Onkolos predated Islam. With this, the Maimonides was able to demonstrate that we didn’t invent such ideas as an apologetic response to Islam, but rather that they were already inherent to our tradition from beforehand.
The way the Maimonides explains the presence of these anthropomorphisms is that God behaves “as if”. He behaves “as if” He has eyes, ears, nose, mouth, right hand… In other words, He’s formless. But He accomplishes in ways which appear like the work of someone endowed with super human-like faculties.
Similarly, this concept is succinctly mentioned in “Anim Zemiros”, “They allegorize You, but not according to Your reality, and they portray You according to Your deeds.” (see Artscroll Siddur)
Ok. So, we can say of God that any Biblical or Rabbinic description ascribing to Him form is mere metaphor. It solves problems. It gets us out of the very serious problem leveled against us by our Muslim neighbours and saves us from issues of idolatry. However, metaphors can be rather subjective and poetic, having no objective reality. If I were to say that your words are so beautiful that your lips drip with honey, can I bring over a cup and catch the honey? Yet, we find that our tradition seems to ascribe objective reality to what is claimed to be only metaphor. For example, King Solomon constantly repeats that his sanctuary is intended to be a home for God’s name, the Talmud states that at the Pilgrimage Festivals we’re supposed to be seen by God, it seems to matter which name of God Moses employs, man is created in the image of God, Moses turns away from directly facing the Shechinah, etc. These are all real interactions with what’s supposedly only metaphorical. Wait, we don’t have real interactions with Shakespearean metaphors. I can’t please my Wife with a Shakespearean rose. Yet, we seem to have real interactions with God’s metaphors. What’s going on?
Before addressing this question I would like to detour to the topic of God’s Oneness. Rabbainu Bachya ibn Pequda masterfully explains this notion in “Duties of the Heart”. When God tells us that He’s One, He means it very truthfully. Everything we encounter which we call “one” is composed of multiple parts. It’s not really “one”, but rather a multiplicity working together in singular cooperation. Accordingly, it’s merely borrowing the term “one”. When God tells us that He’s One, He really means it. He has no parts whatsoever. He’s absolutely devoid of multiplicity. Obviously, a Being without parts has no beginning, middle or end, for they too are parts. Thus, when we say that God is One, by extension we are also saying that He’s Infinite.
Without parts, limits, God has no form. Any version of a form requires parts to compose it. With this understanding we can have a deeper appreciation for His formlessness.
One of my favorite Tanya teachers, Rabbi Y.Y. Jacobson told me, “Do not confuse who God is with how He’s experienced”.
There is God and there are His revelations. While all the anthropomorphisms do not have any reality in God whatsoever, they do have reality in His revelations. Here, in His revelations, there are spiritual equivalents of eyes, ears, hands, nose, names, desires, etc. Here, we can talk of souls as, “a portion of God above”, meaning as emanating from His spiritual light.
In the hierarchy of consciousness, we understand that a plant is more alive than a stone, an animal is more alive than a plant and a human is more alive than an animal. However, this hierarchy does not top off with humans, but rather continues upward into the spiritual levels, incorporating among other entities angels, souls and divine forces.
The anthropomorphic descriptions of God exist as forces in the higher spiritual worlds. Since they are higher up on the hierarchy of consciousness, they are actually more alive than we are. For example, “Shaar HaGilgulim” teaches that before every Jewish soul descends into a biological womb it first undergoes a period of pregnancy within the Shechinah. This includes the souls of converts as well. Since the Shechinah has on its level the spiritual equivalent of a giant womb in which all Jewish souls are gestated and nurtured, doesn’t it stand to reason that the Shechinah is far more alive than we are?
I must be clear that just because God’s revelations manifest spiritual forms does not necessarily mean that they are forms that we can grasp or understand. For example, His spiritual eyes are not eyes as we typically understand. We just know that they can cause increased revelations of divine supervision.
With this we can appreciate that while what philosophers like the Maimonides state about God’s attributes is certainly true, if understood correctly beneath this truth lives a much deeper level, one which teaches us that these are no mere poetic metaphors, but rather actual living realities.
Afterwards: After the speech a couple of friends asked me why I didn’t follow onward to explain the concept that God’s human-like revelations are actually the source of our own human faculties and as their source, more alive and real? For example, God’s revelation of eyes is actually the source of our eyes of flesh and thus, also more alive and real than ours.
I responded that I think the points I already made were much more essential for theological purposes, as they touched on the issue of monotheism amidst imagery. I didn’t want to risk overshadowing those points by overwhelming the audience.
However, their point is well taken and serves as a possible candidate for a future speech if given the opportunity.
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